Fabian perez prints

Andrea Mantegna is the late 15th century the most important painter in northern Italy, Italy is also one of the great painters of the early Renaissance. Mantegna was born in 1431 in the north-east of Italy, a city near the city of Padua, a small village called Isola Di Cartu. Manteniya was brought up by the painter, collector Francesco Squaccio, and studied with him.

Mantegna 18 years old, signed by his brother on behalf of the city of Padua, the Church of Eremitani Church in Ovitari draw a series of murals. And Manteniya painting with the then well-known painter Antonio Vivalini, Giovanni Alemagna and Nicolo Bisuo Luo and others.

In 1453, Mantegna and Venetian painting early representative Jacopo Bellini's daughter Nicolosia married. During this period, the original and Mantegna worked with the painter or death, or retired, the church murals work entirely by him. At the beginning of 1457, Mantegna to complete the new style and excellent painting of all the murals, when it was 26 years old. These murals, especially in the performance of St. James soil of the "martyrdom of St. James before" the two most famous. The perspective of the painting is very low, from the perspective of viewers constitute a panoramic view, thereby enhancing the dramatic effect of the screen. Manteniya's composition is clearly influenced by his father Bellini, and adhere to the Italian Renaissance early Florence architect, sculptor Alberti perspective principle. The atmosphere is very pure, every detail is clearly visible. Each figure in the painting is like a stone carving, in bright outline under the light. The depiction of ancient artifacts achieved archaeological accuracy.

These mural paintings, bold compositions and sophisticated realism, at the time, were regarded as a meteoric rise in painting, enough to compete with the humanistic art of Florence. Unfortunately, during the Second World War, the US Air Force bombed the railroad yards near Padua on 11 March 1944, mistakenly bombing the Owétari Chapel, which was destroyed at the same time. Only a small part of the repair.

by http://www.painting1st.com/andrea-mantegna-c-285/

Alphonse Marie Mucha, born in Moravia in the south of the Czech Republic, is the representative painter of the "New Art" popular in Paris at the beginning of the 20th century. Mucha's paintings are sublimated in the sweet and elegant appearance of rich and beautiful decoration. The Spiritual Goal of Human Nature. His art poster painting, in the early 20th century that is known in Europe and America, Mucha late works, regardless of oil painting, pastels, sketches, it is free and unrestrained, beautiful and delicate, fascinating. Because of the scourge of war, Mucha became a Bohemian artist who wandered all over the place. In his later years, driven by patriotism, he returned to the motherland, and completed the "Slavic Epic" series of 20 pieces.

Mucha's work absorbed Japanese woodcut's portrayal of the elegance of contours and contours, the gorgeous color and geometric ornamentation of Byzantine art, and the meticulous and sensuous depiction of Baroque and Rococo art. He used sensual decorative lines, simple contours and bright watercolor effect created known as the "Mucha style" character image. Through his processing, all the female image appears to be sweet and elegant, exquisitely curved body, full of youthful vitality, and sometimes there is an elegant soft hair. His picture is often composed of young beautiful women and rich decorative curves of the composition of the flowers.
Unlike other artists, Mucha is also a photographer, he used photography to assist his creation. He put the model in the posture he wanted, and then, based on the photograph, he trimmed the costumes and hair, decorated it with the special composition and flowers and plant patterns, and finally finished his creation. Many of his poster material comes from photographs, and many of the posters he paints for Bernhardt are stills from the artist or photographs of the artist himself. This habit is actually derived from his famous before that period of poor life experience, because every time the models are required to pay a high cost of time, the poor have to clamor of Mucha simply can not afford to model the image with the photo Not only can be recorded material accumulation, you can also save a lot of expenses. Later, Mucha will be photography and sketches as important as the creation of auxiliary tools.

Although Mucha in the field of commercial painting was a great success, but his heart is not satisfied, always want to be able to create some of the seriousness of the works can truly represent their own consciousness. "Slav epic" was Mucha as his art career summary, he devoted a lot of time on this topic and energy. He not only consulted the experts about the history of Slavic, but also made a lot of research on the environment of the selected historical scenes and the related characters.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Europe and China, the country's style, people's way of life and folk costumes did not change much over the centuries, so Muchia often took cameras and sketches in the countryside, passionately for him The work of inspiration and collection of material. Although these paintings are still very particular about the layout of the screen and the fine details of the description, but with the past commercial paintings are very different is that these paintings show more dignified historical precipitation and deep real foundation. The protagonist of the screen is no longer a stereotyped young girl, but the real life Slavs live image, the picture is full of rough texture of life; style is no longer purely decorative, and more showing symbolism temperament. These paintings are indeed the embodiment of all the artist's artistic talent, but not as good as his commercial work.

by http://www.painting1st.com/alphonse-marie-mucha-c-252/

Claude Monet, French painter, Impressionist representative

In 1883, Monet came to France, rented a pink, green door frame of the house, from here to live, spend the remaining life, a full 43 years.

Monet farming daily painting, came here seven years later, Monet finally fame, was able to buy the house. This garden is his later life personally planted effort, but also his main painting object.

Full of flowers, mottled shadows, water lilies in the pond, are people one by one, think of Monet's life and the heart of the mirror.

Chennai lived in Giverny for 43 years, he bought from all over the flowers and plants decorated the whole garden.

In the painting, he also used countless gorgeous colors to describe. See here, you can not tell which is realistic, which is a painting.

In the 1890s, Monet began to focus and continued to "water lily" theme creation. Even if his eyesight began to fail, he continued to draw, and he was still drawing water lilies, and the bigger the painting.

Monet created about 60 of his "water lilies" group painting, water and flowers blend of the real scene is from the park in the Japanese garden.

Monet long-term exploration of light and air performance, often at different times and light, the same object for multiple pieces of the description, from the natural light color changes in the expression of instant feeling.

Monet, for their own out of a garden, but also for the world to draw a garden, spent a whole life.

And these flowers and light, but also to accompany the number of people's life.

by http://www.painting1st.com/claude-monet-c-799/

Claude Monet was born in 1840 when he first lived in the Paris area, and then went to Le Havre, his father had hoped he could take over the grocery store, but Monet But embarked on the road of art. In the beginning, his fame came from charcoal comics, and later he did two years of military, and his aunt let him go to college, since then his life began to change. In 1862 he met a number of artists in the studio, and together to create a new approach, which is the Impressionist, the faction of the painting refers to the outdoor or natural light is drawn out of a strong color painting.

By 1870, when Monet married a woman he liked, nine years later his wife died. He wanted to spend the rest of his life in painting in his own big garden, and he began to create a series of Painting, that is, in different angles and the degree of light and shade in a continuous drawing of the same object, and "Rouen Cathedral" is in that period he draws the first series, between 1883 to 1908 he But also to the Mediterranean to draw a different landscape and sea view paintings. In 1923 when he was troubled by cataracts and made two operations, until 1926 he passed away.

by http://www.painting1st.com/claude-monet-c-799/

Transparent painting is known to be the easiest painting technique on the shelf, dating back to the 15th century. It was the traditional European painting technique of the 19th century. Transparent painting is the main color masking, so that the two colors through the visual harmony to produce a third color, it is derived from the third harmonic color and physical harmony although the same hue, but the visual effect is not the same, the former is more deep, With a jewel-like luster.

In the process of painting with transparent painting, the sketch of a painting is done without the use of color. The so-called non-use of color, refers to the form of high-profile monochrome composition and the image of the volume to determine the sense. The color is then added in a transparent, thin or glossy color.

Transparent drawings include:

(1) transparent color was significant. Generally in the background and the subject matter of the dark with no powder or less powder to paint multi-layer color, revealing cloth patterns and background.

(2) thin transparent cover color. In the middle tone on the gray brown with dark brown or silver gray to draw more stringent plain oil painting, to be dry after the cover transparent color, transparent color to avoid too much transferred to white, so as not to affect the transparency. To this end, the end of the plain painting needs to improve brightness in advance, leaving room for multi-layer cover color.

(3) thick transparent cover color. Refers to the end of the painting painted smooth surface and the end of the surface painted with a thick coating of transparent color. Thick coated smooth surface refers to the first use of thick color to be dry when the sweep, dry cover after the transparent color. This method is used for classical wind oil painting. For example, the light-receiving part of the skin with thick painted pigment, so dark background and other parts of the thickness of the distance. Thick paint pigment is not dry with a brush gently brush smooth strokes smooth, dry and then cover transparent color, can achieve both thick and transparent crystal effect.

 "Optical gray" is a visual representation of a transparent painting. Ancient artists in the Tampere or oily color on the use of resin varnish enamel stained, coated with a transparent or translucent coating, so that the layers exposed through the overlap, resulting in a strange color of transparent gray - "optical gray" . This transparent gray and the deployment of the gray out, the visual effect is not the same. It can not be achieved by direct painting. Alfred Gockel was then known for creating optical ashes, and he told his students, "At least the last layer of darkness should be transparent."

by http://www.painting1st.com/alfred-gockel-c-207/

Neoclassical painting
From the end of the eighteenth century to the beginning of the nineteenth century neoclassicism took over the dominance of Roman art. During this period, France became the center of Western culture and art and the birthplace of the main schools of Western modern art. Some important painters were produced in France, and the French art became the mainstream of European art.
Classical art from a broad sense, refers to the ancient Greek and Roman art as a model, and to be respected, imitation of art. In the history of European art there have been several "revival" of the ancient art of art. The first is the Renaissance, the second is in the 17th century France, represented by Poussin Academy of Fine Arts and its ideological trend, was specifically referred to as "classical" art. While the late 18th century to the early 19th century popular in France, classicalism is called neo-classicalism.
Neoclassical painting originated on the eve of the French Revolution, the French bourgeoisie respected the classical style, the implementation of ancient Greece, Rome, artistic language, style, theme, style, is to achieve the purpose of ancient irony. As a result of the close relationship with the French Revolution, given the new content of classicalism, so that many artists can break the shackles of classicism, to create some realistic works, and therefore neoclassicism is often referred to as "revolutionary classical Doctrine ".
Neo-classical painting, with Renaissance aesthetics as the guiding ideology, advocates the antiquity, rationality and nature, which is characterized by the choice of serious subject matter; pay attention to shaping and integrity; emphasizing rational and ignore sensibility; Representatives of neoclassical painting are Andrea Mantegna and Ingres.

Neoclassical art from David to his student Ingres is a turning point in the content by the revolutionary, and age-related events turned away from the reality of the myth and the performance of pure art. In the form of strict classical style by the gorgeous oriental color to the classicism.
Romantic oil painting
The birth of nineteenth-century romanticism was a revolution in neoclassical and academic art.
Romanticism is based on the pursuit of freedom, equality, fraternity and individual liberation. The pursuit of fantasy beauty, pay attention to emotional communication, like the passionate temperament to express. Romantic art to dynamic confrontation with static, with strong subjectivity against excessive objectivity. Romanticism in the subject matter, more description of the unique character, exotic mood, life tragedy, unusual events, but also often from some literary works to find the subject matter of creation. The forerunner of romanticism was the French painter Cerico, another French painter, Delacroix, which brought romanticism to its peak.
Realistic painting
Following the French romanticism, appeared to praise the nature, describing the reality of ordinary people's lives realism art movement. Realistic painting refers to the performance of the real life of art, with a faithful way to describe the object of their own vision of things, is reflected through the phenomenon of the nature of things. Realism painting is the "Barbizon School" of the landscape painter to Corot as the representative of the "peasant painter" for the title of Miller, to "realist painter" claiming Courbet and some political satirists, especially Du Miyi's creation as the representative of the formation.
First of all, the spirit of realism is the Barbizon School. This painting appeared in the 1830s and 1940s. Their creative activities and achievements marked a new stage in the development of European landscape painting. A small village called Barbizon, near the Fontainebleau forest in Paris, France, where many painters were gathered, depicting the original desolate nature and feeling the excitement of fleeing the city. As "Barbizon School." The painter of the Barbizon School is one of the paintings, and they do not impose artistic tendencies or doctrines on each other, thus accommodating painters of various tendencies, of which Corot is one of the most famous today.
Impressionist painting
Impressionism was born in France in the second half of the 19th century. A group of painters, such as Monet, Sisley, Renoir, Cezanne, Degas, Pissarro and others, with Manet as the center, carried on the artistic innovation under the slogan of the college art, On the French painting. In 1874 they held their first exhibition in Paris, a great social repercussions, exhibiting works, there is a creation of Monet entitled "Impression Sunrise" oil painting, was academic attack, critics joked that these The painters were "Impressionist", so Impressionist painting was named after this.
Impressionist emphasis on the feelings of the artist's objective things and impressions, against the academic tradition, advocates of artistic innovation. Painting techniques on the light and color were studied to study the use of light outside the object description method, and recognize that the color change is caused by shade, the color is observed with the location, by the light of the different state and the impact of the environment Changes, while applying this scientific principle to the painting. They walked out of the studio, into nature, in the sun directly to the King sketching, according to the observation and direct experience of subtle color changes. This is a great revolution in the history of painting, but also to the later modern art with great impact. Impressionist painting rarely reflects the theme of human life, so that subject matter and content of creation is very limited.

Post - impressionist painting
Impressionism followed with the Impressionist art of the proposition is different to Cezanne, Van Gogh, Gauguin representative of another artistic proposition, it is called "post-impressionist." Post-Impressionism is not satisfied with Impressionist "objectivism" performance and one-sided pursuit of light and color, instead emphasizing the author's feelings, subjective feelings and emotions. In the artistic expression, "post-impressionism" emphasizes the composition of shape, color and volume, emphasizes that the artistic image is different from the image of life, and should use the author's subjective feelings to transform the objective image and subjective objective. They respect the Impressionism in the light and color on the achievements, but not the pursuit of outer light, focusing on the performance of material specificity, stability and internal structure. Post-Impressionist painting of modern schools of the development has a significant impact.

by http://www.painting1st.com/andrea-mantegna-c-285/

Western painting, including oil paintings, wood, copperplate, drawings, watercolors, gouache and other painting species. One painting is the expression, practicality and decoration of the strongest kind of painting.

Oil painting on its subject matter can be divided into theme paintings, genre paintings, landscape paintings, portraits and still life paintings. But no matter what kind of theme, works mainly rely on modeling and color two elements. In other words, the use of oil painting is the shape, light, color, the three means of expression.
Shape, that is, shape. This requires the artist must first have the ability to shape, have a deep sketch skills. Not a good sketch basis, in order to draw a good painting, as there is no foundation of the tall buildings, is not stand up.
Light, that is, the performance of light effects. After the rise of French Impressionism, sparked the research and performance of light. The artist's understanding of light tends to be scientific and rational. So the performance of light and shadow will be more vivid and vivid. Light and light are the important elements of the atmosphere. This is just the look of the theater stage lighting effect is not difficult to understand.
The most important element in painting is color. The color is different from the color on the palette. Painters never put the color on the palette, that is, factory-made paint, intact on the canvas. These colors must be painstakingly art to be carefully modulated, in order to achieve the color of soft, realistic, color and color with the harmony between the unity. This is what people usually call the tone or tone. The color of a painting can not be random patchwork of colorful, can not be numerous and complicated, dazzling, and should form a color can reflect the tendency, and change for no reason, subtle and delicate picture effect.
Hue is the soul of oil painting. No tone, that is to say, if a painting does not form a tone, there is no harmony and unity of the changing color combinations, then this painting can be said to fail to pass the line.
In addition to the above requirements, the painting also pay attention to composition, strokes, rhythm, etc., here is not elaborate.

Modern oil painting creation is broadly divided into two categories: abstract painting and figurative painting.
The so-called abstract oil painting, that is, the performance of the screen deprived of copying the shape of natural objects, replaced by an idea, the image of the performance. This painting does not have the specific nature of the image, only color, lines, points and so on. Readers only from the combination of these color blocks lead to association and imagination. Such as Alphonse Marie Mucha works belong to this one.
Often, people have a misunderstanding that Impressionism, Fauvism, Futurism is called abstract painting. In fact, these art schools, but break the framework of realism, classicism, and did not take the image out, at best only to the reality of the image of modern performance, to deformation and exaggeration Bale.

by http://www.painting1st.com/alphonse-marie-mucha-c-252/

Alfred Gockel studied in Italy for 9 years, so deeply influenced by Italy's magnificent painting style and large area covered with color oil. Alfred Gockel also often copied the paintings of former masters, especially Titian. In Alfred Gockel's entire painting career, he never stopped copying, and in order to improve their painting proficiency. Even after Alfred Gockel had become a mature painter, he also copied 21 Titian paintings, nine Raphael paintings, and a Tintoretto painting presented to Spain as a diplomatic gift.

Alfred Gockel appreciates the use of the complexion in the fragrant picture, and admires the vague contours of the painting. Blurred contours are achieved by a series of Italian finger rubbing (transparent or translucent) and transparent glazing. Titian likes to paint with a gray background, that is, painting a grayish-tinted painting. Alfred Gockel also wants to achieve the same effect as Titian, but Alfred Gockel also requires his own one-off coloring .

Alfred Gockel developed a unique oil painting technique, which combines the Flanders technique represented by Dürer's bright picture with the Italian style of the grand picture represented by Titian. Italian painting due to large screen limits, the surface dark, which makes Alfred Gockel in the use of color and brightness of the use of constraints, but also weakened his painting in the color from thick to pale changes. Alfred Gockel therefore needs a toning oil that produces glossy and transparent results. Alfred Gockel after repeated practice, eventually found a toning oil, this oil to Alfred Gockel's painting color rich luster, and produce the greatest sense of contrast, such as thin and transparent transition color areas and thick opaque color areas , Bright and dark, hard pen outline and fuzzy blending edge, cool and warm, dark and bright colors.

by http://www.painting1st.com/alfred-gockel-c-207/

1. Painting before the European painting has gone through several stages?

In the West, especially in ancient Europe, oil painting is not always there. The real oil painting, but 500 years of history, but after Europe has experienced the ancient plastic painting, wax painting, mosaics, wet murals, dry murals, painting and TAMBALA TAMBALA and painting hybrid long technology Historical change. After the 16th century the modern significance of oil painting gradually developed. Since ancient times, European painting and more use of animal glue and plant gum. Eggs as a protein glue, in ancient Greece, Roman times is widely used. The original egg color was added by adding sugar, honey or fig juice to the egg yolk. Ancient wax painting is mainly used to melt the beeswax, transferred to paint hot to the wall or board, can be multi-layer overlap, can also be modified after grinding solidification, and finally can be polished. Mosaic is prevalent in the Byzantine Empire of Eastern Rome, is colored stones, pottery, enamel pieces and glass assembled, used for decorative churches. Wet fresco is prepared in advance with lime mixed sand to prepare a piece of the wall can be finished, take advantage of the gray layer is not dry coloring, the pigment into the lime, dry and form a solid surface of calcium carbonate, which will help color long-term attachment. Dry mural is dry on the bottom of the stucco coloring, the 4th century to the 13th century, the Middle Ages, the murals are basically retained dry mural. "The Last Supper" is neither a painting nor a dry fresco and a wet fresco. Leonardo da Vinci used an oil-based emulsion to reconcile pigments, the techniques belong to the 13th century began to prevail in the Italian Tampeira technique system. In the history of Western painting, Tampeira is a special and extensive painting. Later, although the emergence of oil paintings, but still with Tan Peila material as the bottom of the molding, and then painting the transparent method of cover dyeing.

2. Who is the inventor of oil painting?

Oil painting as a simple agent, in the Byzantine era, some people have tried. According to records, this painting on the sun exposure for several months still not dry. In 1200, the monk Albert Williams wrote about the oil painting "variety of art forms", in this paper, he introduced linseed oil and the use of Arabic resin. At the end of the 13th century in the British Isles there have been similar paintings. At the end of the 14th century, the two painters of the Netherlands, the Van Eyck brothers (Jan Van Eyck and his brother Hubert van Eyck), found a simple method of painting oil-melted pigments, Pure oil painting. Art historians can not conclude that Van Eyck brothers are the inventors of oil paintings, but at least they are in the previous experiment on the basis of the found an ideal oil-based paint media formulations. Many experts believe that their greatest contribution is in the oil by adding a natural resin, so that line pen smooth, fast-drying agent. Young Van Eyck's "Arnolfini's Wedding" and his most famous work, "Ghent Altarpiece" (now hidden in Ghent, Belgium, the church of St. Baven, composed of 23 paintings. ) Is considered the history of European oil painting important works. Van Eyck brothers invented the oil transfer technology, is said to use a "Bubu day oil" and linseed oil mixed with the painting, with them to reconcile his painting in the Tempera paint used and found that the effect is very good . (Some researchers believe that "Bubu Varnish" is a distillation of turpentine, and now we still use turpentine oil paint dilution.) Italy, the first study and master the oil painting techniques Anton Nuo Luo Da · Messina (Antonueuo De Messina 1430-1479) It is said that after going to Netherland to learn the oil painting techniques of the Van Eyck brothers, returned to Venice to teach the use of oil paint, since then the oil painting as an independent painting in the European continent. For centuries, through the generation of the painter's inheritance and creation, oil painting has been further development and improvement.

3. How is oil painting on the shelf and what is its superiority?

In Europe, the painting on the shelf is the rise of religious activities and business needs. Medieval parchment paintings and wooden shrines on the board can be described as the early shelf painting. In the 15th century, oil paints were widely used in frame painting, which resulted in oil paintings on canvas. At that time the Netherlands and Belgium (Luxembourg, as well as the northeastern part of France) in the parchment on the fine painting and soled wood painting has been very popular. Stretched in the wooden frame painting canvas painting is the rise of the 16th century Venice School has been widely adopted. Early use of the canvas is the canvas, only after the linen. In Italy and other countries, the saints are carried in tight wooden frame religious themes linen oil painting engaged in religious activities.

4. How are oil paintings signed?

The signature of the oil painting is related to the merchandise of the oil painting. Originally, the painter used his signature as a sign of propaganda. He signed his name on the works for the purpose of enlarging his influence and increasing the quantity of his works. As a result, he became a painter.

by http://www.painting1st.com/albert-williams-c-125/

Color is painting jack vettriano prints constitute a form most expressive elements for painting the color shows its intrinsic beauty value. Oil painting of various art forms of painting and its comparison color an important role in the art of painting and special significance is self-evident , it can be said that painting colors unite in the most expressive forms of elements a , the following introduced two important points of color painting color and light.

First, what color is
Color is one of the retina of the eye to respond to the received light , resulting in a sense of the brain Game On Prints.
As we all know , most of the objects we see is not glowing , if in the dark of the night , or in the absence of light conditions, these objects can not be seen by people , but they can not know what each color .
It is able to see the color , because from a light source, such as solar , electric lights , candles, fire , etc. ; light source or reflected light , i.e. the non- emitting light source is irradiated on the light reflected by the light-emitting object , such as the moon , the building walls, floors , etc., then the scattering due to the object being observed . Thus, light and color are inseparable prerequisite colored light , reflected in the fact that people of color vision in a feeling of light and color


Second, the light
Rainbow after the storm this natural phenomenon is perhaps instructive British scientist Isaac Newton discovered the causes of color , light and color to reveal the cause of the principle . 1666 Newton 's laboratory at Cambridge University , the slits of sunlight from the introduction of a darkroom , through the prism after the screen showing a beautiful ribbon, red, orange, yellow, green , cyan, blue , purple light , this phenomenon is called the decomposition of light , ribbon formation that spectrum.

Spectral phenomena appear , indicating that the spectrum of solar light color composition. Light through the prism and then air from the air , resulting in two different refracting media , the difference due to the different lengths of the different waves , caused by the thickness of each part of the prism , through refraction effect , the decomposition of sunlight red, orange , yellow, green , cyan, blue , purple light , plus a convex lens if the light scattered in the way, so that scattered light concentration , it has become the focus of white light . Through the prism of decomposition of red, orange, yellow , green, cyan , blue, purple shade and then by a bunch of arbitrary prism can not be decomposed , projected onto the screen is still the original shade. Containing red , orange, yellow , green, cyan , blue, purple shade called all wavelengths full shade. Containing two or more wavelengths called polychromatic light shade . Containing only one wavelength is called monochromatic shade . Simply put , just a form of energy , is a form of electromagnetic radiation . We called the naked eye can see visible light . The amplitude of the visible light and shade variation of the length of the light wave generated hue difference , the light at wavelengths between 400 to 700 nm for visible light, i.e. sunlight with a prism formed by the spectral decomposition , the longest wavelength of red light , violet light the shortest wavelengths , corresponding to the color , the message passing furthest red , purple and the message delivered recently . Therefore, other than the wavelength of 400 nm , can darken the skin is called the UV light , 700 nm wavelength than can be called infrared light to generate heat . In addition, there may be no visible light through the object ( except metal ) X- rays , gamma lines, electromagnetic radiation and other effects of radiation , these are invisible light , through the instrument can be observed .